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1.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是I,而句子又用來征詢對方的意見時(shí),附加疑問句中的主語用you。如:
IfindEnglishveryinteresting,don’tyou?
Idon’tlikethatfilm,doyou?
2.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everybody,everyone,someone,nobody,noone,somebody等合成代詞時(shí),附加疑問句中的主語通常用they。但亦可用he,尤其是nobody,noone等作主語,具有否定概念時(shí)。如:
SomebodyphonedwhileIwasout,didn’tthey?
Everyoneenjoyedtheparty,didn’tthey?
Nobodywantstogothere,doeshe?
3.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是不定代詞everything,nothing,anything,something時(shí),附加疑問句中的主語一般用it,不用they。如:
Everythingseemsallrightnow,doesn’tit?
Nothingiskeptingoodorder,isit?
Somethingmustbedonetostoppollution,isn’tit?
4.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是指示代詞this,that或these,those時(shí),附加疑問句中的主語分別用it和they。如:
Thisisimportant,isn’tit?
Thatisn’tcorrect,isit?
TheseareyourfriendsTomandJack,aren’tthey?
5.如果陳述部分是以代詞one作主語,附加疑問句中的主語在正式場合用one,非正式場合用you,在美國英語中,在非正式場合還可以用he。如:
Onecan’tbetoocareful,canone?或canyou?
Oneshoulddohisduty,shouldn’the?
6.如果陳述部分用I’m…結(jié)構(gòu),附加疑問部分一般用aren’tI。如:
Iamstrongandhealthyaren’tI。
7.當(dāng)陳述句為therebe結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),附加疑問句中的主語也用there。如:
There’snohelpforit,isthere?
There’ssomethingwrong,isn’tthere?
8.陳述部分帶有seldom,hardly,never,rarely,few,little,nowhere,nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí),附加疑問部分的動詞用肯定形式。如:
Bobrarelygotdrunk,didhe?
Fewpeopleknowhim,dothey?
Sheseldomgoestothecinema,doesshe?
如果陳述部分的否定詞帶有否定前綴,那么,該陳述部分作肯定處理,附加疑問部分一般仍用否定形式。如:
Hewasunsuccessful,wasn’the?
Tomdislikesthebook,doesn’the?
9.當(dāng)陳述部分為主從復(fù)合句時(shí),附加疑問部分一般應(yīng)與主句的主語和謂語動詞保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系。如:
ShesaysthatIdidit,doesn’tshe?
Itoldthemnoteverybodycoulddoit,didn’tI?
但當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是I,謂語是think,believe,suppose,expect這類動詞時(shí),附加疑問部分則往往與從句中的主語和謂語動詞保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系,但要注意否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。
Isupposethathe’sseriousisn’the?
Idon’tthinkshecares,doesshe?
10.當(dāng)陳述部分是并列句,附加疑問句則需和就近的分句的主語和謂語一致。如:
XiaoLinhasbeenwritinglettersallafternoonbutheshouldfinishthemnow,shouldn’the?
11.在由“祈使句+附加疑問”構(gòu)成的附加疑問句中,附加疑問部分一般用willyou,won’tyou,wouldyou,有時(shí)也可用canyou,can’tyou,whydon’tyou,couldyou等。如:
Don’topenthedoor,willyou?
Givemesomecigarettes,canyou?
Takearest,whydon’tyou?
但是,以let’s開頭的祈使句,附加疑問部分用shallwe;以letus開頭的祈使句,如果含義是allowus,不包括聽話人在內(nèi),疑問部分用willyou。如:
Let’shaveabasketballmatchthisafternoon,shallwe?
Letusgooutforarest,willyou?
12.當(dāng)陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動詞must表示“必須”時(shí),疑問部分用mustn’t。如:
Youmustworkhardnextterm,mustn’tyou?
Imustanswertheletter,mustn’tI?
但若表推測這層含義時(shí),不能用must,而要根據(jù)陳述部分的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)(即must之后的動詞)以及含義采用相應(yīng)的動詞形式。如:
Youmusthavemadeamistake,haven’tyou?
Theymusthaveseenthefilmlastweek,didn’tthey?
Hemustbeinthelibrary,isn’the?
13.當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞usedto時(shí),疑問部分可用usedn’t或didn’t。如:
Theoldmanusedtosmoke,didn’the?或usedn’the?
Tomusedtolivehere,usedn’the?或didn’the?
14當(dāng)陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動詞oughtto時(shí),疑問部分用oughtn’t或shouldn’t。如:
Heoughttoknowtheanswer,oughtn’the?
Weoughttoreadthisbook,oughtn’twe?或shouldn’twe?
15.當(dāng)陳述部分含有hadbetter時(shí),疑問部分用had。
如:You’dbetterfinishyourhomeworknow,hadn’tyou?
16.感嘆句后的附加疑問句的謂語動詞需用be的現(xiàn)在時(shí),且常用否定形式。如:
Whatacleverboy,isn’the?
Whatalovelyday,isn’tit?
17.陳述句子中的主語為動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或其他短語時(shí),疑問部分的主語通常用it。如:
Learninghowtorepairmotorstakesalongtime,doesn’tit?
Betweensixandsevenwillsuityou,won’tit?
Wheretoholdthemeetinghasnotbeendecided,hasit?
18.在口語和非正式文體中,為了加強(qiáng)語氣,只是表示某種驚奇、懷疑、反感、諷刺等感情而并不是為了尋求回答,這時(shí)前后兩部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如:
Oh,heisawriter,ishe?
You’llnotgo,won’tyou?
19.陳述句中的謂語動詞是wish,表示愿望時(shí)用may,且用肯定形式。如:
IwishtohaveachancetolearnEnglish,mayI?
20.當(dāng)陳述部分帶有表示“所有”含義的動詞have(has)時(shí),疑問部分既可用have形式,也可用do形式。如:
Youhaveanewbike,haven’tyou(或don’tyou)?
Shedoesn’thaveanymoneyinherpocket,doesshe?
鞏固練習(xí):
1.Idon’tthinkthatthenecklaceismadeofdiamond,________?
A.doI
B.doyou
C.isn’tit
D.isit
2.Hiswifehadthecarpetsandthecurtainscleaned,________?
A.hadn’t
B.had
C.didn’tshe
D.didshe
3.It’smyson’sweddingnextweek,andIhavetodomybestforthat,____________?
A.haven’tI
B.don’tI
C.don’the
D.isn’tit
4.Harrywouldn’tbecomeateacherifithadn’tbeenfortheholiday,____________?
A.wouldhe
B.hadit
C.wouldit
D.hadhe
5.Noonelefthereyesterday,________?
A.didn’tthey
B.didthey
C.didn’tone
D.didone
6.Birdsrarelybuildnestsinourgarden,________?
A.don’tthey
B.dothey
C.didn’tthey
D.didthey
7.YoumusthavebeentotheGreatWall,____________?
A.mustn’tyou
B.haven’tyou
C.aren’tyou
D.mustyou
8.learninghowtorepairmotorstakesalongtime,________?
A.doesn’tit
B.don’tthey
C.doesit
D.dothey
9.Theymusthavestayedathomelastnight,________?
A.mustn’tthey
B.haven’tthey
C.didn’tthey
D.mustthey
10.Ifeellikegoingtothecinematonight,________?
A.don’tI
B.don’tyou
C.doI
D.doyou
11.Let’sstartoutearlytomorrowmorning,________?
A.shallwe
B.willyou
C.doyou
D.can’tyou
12.There’snotmuchnewsintoday’snewspaper,________?
A.isn’tit
B.isit
C.isn’tthere
D.isthere
13.Theyneedourhelpbadlyatthemoment,________?
A.needn’tthey
B.needthey
C.don’tthey
D.dothey
14.Sheisunfitfortheposition,________?
A.isshe
B.isn’tshe
C.doesn’tshe
D.doesshe
15.IwishtovisitAmerica,________?
A.don’tI
B.canI
C.mayI
D.mayyou
16.She’sbeenaworkerhereformanyyears,________?
A.isn’tshe
B.isshe
C.hasn’tshe
D.hasshe
17.Whatbeautifulflowers,________?
A.aren’tthey
B.arethey
C.isn’tit
D.isit
18.Motherusedtoliveinapoorvillage,____________?
A.sedshe
B.usedn’tshe
C.didn’the
D.didhe
19.You’dbettergoatonce,________?
A.wouldn’tyou
B.hadyou
C.hadn’tyou
D.shouldyou“公務(wù)員之家有”版權(quán)所
20.IamveryinterestedinMarkTwain’snovels,________?
A.aren’tI
B.amnotI
C.aren’tyou
D.areyou
Keys:1-5DCBAB6-10BBACD11-15ADABC16-20CABCA