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形容夏天的句子

前言:想要寫出一篇令人眼前一亮的文章嗎?我們特意為您整理了5篇形容夏天的句子范文,相信會為您的寫作帶來幫助,發(fā)現更多的寫作思路和靈感。

形容夏天的句子范文第1篇

1、街上的柳樹像病了似的,葉子掛著塵土在枝上打著卷,枝條一動也不動。馬路上發(fā)著白光,小攤販不敢吆喝,商店門口的有機玻璃招牌,也似乎給曬化了。

2、初夏時節(jié),各色野花都開了,紅的、紫的、粉的、黃的,像繡在一塊綠色大地毯上的燦爛斑點;成群的蜜蜂在花從中忙碌著,吸著花蕊,辛勤地飛來飛去。

3、夏天的太陽像個大火爐,把大地烤得發(fā)燙,就連空氣也是熱烘烘的,人一動就渾身冒汗。

4、夏末秋初的南風刮來了新麥子的香氣和蒿草的氣息。

5、綠樹濃蔭街上的柳樹像得了病似的,葉子掛著層灰土在枝上打著卷;枝條一動也懶得動,無精打采地低垂著。

6、盛夏,天熱得連蜻蜓都只敢貼著樹蔭處飛,好像怕陽光傷了自己的翅膀??罩袥]有一片云,沒有一點風,頭頂上一輪烈日,所有的樹木都沒精打采地、懶洋洋地站在那里。

7、風兒帶著微微的暖意吹著,時時送來布谷鳥的叫聲,它在告訴我們:“春已歸去。”青草、蘆葦和紅的、白的、紫的野花,被高懸在天空的一輪火熱的太陽蒸曬著,空氣里充滿了甜醉的氣息。

8、小鳥不知躲匿到什么地方去了;草木都垂頭喪氣,像是奄奄等斃;只有那知了,不住地在枝頭發(fā)出破碎的高叫;真是破鑼碎鼓在替烈日吶喊助威!

9、盛夏的陽光真像蘸了辣椒水,坦蕩蕩的街上沒有一塊陰涼地。

10、水牛早就躲到了池塘里,整個身子埋在了池水中,只露出一個頭在水面上透氣。

11、夏日的天空變幻莫測,時而多云,時而云層低矮,仿佛是催人行動的命令;時而陽光直射。

12、整個城市像燒透了的磚窯,使人喘不過氣來。狗趴在地上吐出紅舌頭,騾馬的鼻孔張得特別大。()

13、地上的土塊被曬得滾燙滾燙的,幾只黑褐色的大肚蟋蟀,安著彈簧似的蹦來蹦去。

14、春天隨著落花走了,夏天披著一身的綠葉兒在暖風里蹦跳著走來了。

15、天氣悶熱得要命,一絲風也沒有,稠乎乎的空氣好像凝住了。

16、那是一個久旱不雨的夏天,炎熱的太陽烤得田里的老泥鰍都翻白了,村邊的小溪,溪水一下低了幾寸,那些露在水面的石頭,陡地變大了。

17、家鄉(xiāng)的夏天,靜謐,蔥蘢,秀麗,多姿。

18、夏日里,清清的小河成了孩子們避暑的好去處,你看,他們在水中嬉鬧著,一會兒打水仗,一會兒扎猛子摸魚,玩得十分開心。

形容夏天的句子范文第2篇

(1)暑來寒往,〖解釋〗夏天過去,冬天到來。泛指時光流逝。

(2)山寒水冷,〖解釋〗冷冷清清。形容冬天的景象。

(3)秋收東藏,〖解釋〗秋天收獲,冬天存儲。泛指常規(guī)的農事活動。

(4)雪兆豐年,冬天大雪是來年豐收的預兆。

(5)夏蟲朝菌,意為夏蟲活不到冬天,菌類朝生暮死。比喻極短的生命。

(6)天凝地閉,形容冬天非常寒冷的情景。

(7)葛屨履霜,冬天穿著夏天的鞋子。比喻過分節(jié)儉吝嗇。

(8)冬溫夏清,冬天使父母溫暖,夏天使父母涼爽。本指人子孝道?,F亦泛稱冬暖夏涼。

2、句子

(1)《立冬》

李白

凍筆新詩懶寫,寒爐美酒時溫。

醉看墨花月白,恍疑雪滿前村。

(2)《立冬即事二首》

仇遠

細雨生寒未有霜,庭前木葉半青黃。

小春此去無多日,何處梅花一綻香。

奇峰浩蕩散茶煙,小雨霏微濕座氈。

肯信今年寒信早,老夫布褐未裝棉。

(3)《立冬前一日霜對菊有感》

錢時

昨夜清霜冷絮裯,紛紛紅葉滿階頭。

形容夏天的句子范文第3篇

the + 形容詞最高級 + n. + (that) + S(主語) + have ever seen / known / heard / had / read, etc

例句:Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.

(海倫是我見過的最美麗的女孩。)

Nothing is + 形容詞比較級 + than to + V(謂語)

例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.

(沒有比接受教育更重要的事。)

S cannot emphasize the importance of sth. too much:再怎么強調……的重要性也不為過。

例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

(我們再怎么強調保護眼睛的重要性也不為過。)

There is no doubt + that + 句子:毫無疑問,……

例句:There is no doubt that the economy is recovering.

(毫無疑問,經濟已經逐漸復蘇。)

It pays to + V + O(賓語):……是值得的。

例句:It pays to help others.

(幫助別人是值得的。)

An advantage of + 名詞結構+ is that + 句子:……的優(yōu)點是……

例句:An advantage of using solar energy is that it won't create any pollution.

(使用太陽能的優(yōu)點是它不會產生任何污染。)

There is no denying that + 句子:不可否認……

例句:There is no denying that the quality of our life has gone from good to better.

(不可否認,我們的生活質量日益改善。)

On no account can we + V:我們絕對不能……

例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.

(我們絕不能無視知識的價值。)

It is universally acknowledged that + 句子:全世界都知道……

例句:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable[不可或缺的] to us.

(全世界都知道樹木對我們是不可或缺的。)

The reason why + 句子 + is that + 句子:……的原因是……

例句:The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.

(我們必須種樹的原因是它們能給我們提供新鮮空氣。)

be closely related to sth.:與……息息相關

例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health.

(做運動與健康息息相關。)

So + 形容詞 + be + S + that + 句子:如此……以致于……

例句:So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.

(時間是如此珍貴,它經不起我們浪費。)

It is time + S + 動詞過去式:該是……的時候了。

例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.

(有關當局是時候采取適當措施解決交通問題了。)

S + enable + O + to + V:……使……能夠……

例句:Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.

(聽音樂使我們獲得放松。)

be + forced / obliged / compelled + to + V:不得不……

例句:Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.

(既然考試迫在眉睫,我不得不放棄做運動。)

a. + as + S + be, S + V + O:雖然……, 但是……

例句:Rich as our country is, the quality of our life is by no means satisfactory.

(雖然我們的國家富有,但我們的生活質量仍差強人意。)

It is conceivable / obvious / apparent that + 句子:可想而知/明顯/顯然……

例句:It is apparent that knowledge plays an important role in our life.

(顯然,知識在我們人生中扮演著重要角色。)

The + 形容詞比較級 + S + V, the + 形容詞比較級 + S + V:……愈……,……愈……

例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make.

(愈努力,愈進步。)

Since + S + 動詞過去式,S + 現在完成式: 自從……,……一直……

例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.

(自從上了高中,他一直很用功。)

By + V-ing, S can V:通過……,……能夠……

例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.

(通過做運動,我們能夠保持健康。)

be based on sth.:以.……為基礎

例句:Progress in society is based on harmony.

(社會的進步是以和諧為基礎的。)

That is the reason why +句子:那就是……的原因

例句:Summer is sultry[悶熱的]. That is the reason why I don't like it.

(夏天很悶熱。那就是我不喜歡它的原因。)

There is no one but + V + O:沒有人不……

例句:There is no one but longs to go to college.

(沒有人不渴望上大學。)

Due to / Owing to / Thanks to + sth. / V-ing:因為/ 多虧……

例句:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.

(因為他的鼓勵,我終于實現了夢想。)

For the past + 時間, S + 現在完成式: 過去的……來,……一直……

例句:For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.

(過去兩年來,我一直忙著準備考試。)

What a + a. + n. + S + V!= How + a. + a + n. + V!:多么……!

例句:What an important thing it is to keep our promise! / How important a thing it is to keep our promise! (遵守諾言是多么重要的事!)

get into the habit of + V-ing = make it a rule to + V:養(yǎng)成……的習慣

例句:We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.

(我們應該養(yǎng)成早睡早起的習慣。)

leave much to be desired:令人不滿意

例句:The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.

(我們的交通狀況令人不太滿意。)

Those who + V + O:那些……的人

例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.

(違反交通規(guī)定的人應該受處罰。)

have a great influence on sth.:對……有很大影響

例句:Smoking has a great influence on our health.

(抽煙對我們的健康有很大影響。)

spare no effort to + V:不遺余力地……

例句:We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

(我們應該不遺余力地美化我們的環(huán)境。)

do good / harm to sth.:對……有益/有害

例句:Reading does good to our mind.

(讀書對心靈有益。)

pose a great threat to sth.:對……造成很大威脅

例句:Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.

(污染對我們的生存造成很大威脅。)

bring home to + S + O:讓……明白……

例句:We should bring home to people the value of working hard.

(我們應該讓人們明白努力的價值。)

do one's utmost to + V = do one's best to + V:盡全力去……

形容夏天的句子范文第4篇

1. 不定式的邏輯主語是動詞不定式所表達的動作的承受者時用被動語態(tài)。進行時和完成進行時沒有被動語態(tài)。

(1)作主語

It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.

【考題鏈接】

is better to love than .

A. That, to be loved B. That, be loved

C. It, be loved D. It, to be loved

答案 D

解析 這里It為形式主語,而than連接的是兩個動詞不定式。

(2) 作賓語

She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.

(3) 構成復合賓語

He wanted the letter to be typed at once.

She didn’t like herself to be praised like that.

(4) 構成復合謂語

The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room.

(5) 作定語

Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers’ office?

【考題鏈接】

His first book _____ next month is based on a true story.

A. published B. to be published

C. to publish D. being published

答案 B

解析 非謂語動詞作后置定語,由時間狀語next month可知所填非謂語動詞表示將來的動作,用動詞不定式,其邏輯主語是所修飾的名詞book,不定式與邏輯主語是被動關系,故用不定式的被動式,選B。

(6) 作狀語

She was too young to be assigned such work.

【考題鏈接】

The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _____the film stars had left.

A. to tell B. to be told

C. telling D. Told

答案 B

解析 reporters與tell之間為被動關系,從B、D中選。再由過去分詞不能作結果狀語,而不定式可以得出B項正確。

2.不定式有時還可以有完成時的被動式,在句中作主語、賓語、定語,或者構成復合賓語、復合謂語等,如:

It is a good thing for him to have been criticized. (主語)

She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (賓語)

He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. (復合賓語)

The book is said to have been translated into many languages. (復合謂語)

She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. (定語)

二、不定式的主動形式表示被動意義

1.不定式作定語與被修飾的名詞或代詞構成動賓關系,且不定式的邏輯主語就是句子的主語。如:

I have something important to do tonight.

(to do 和something important 構成動賓關系,句子的主語I 是不定式的邏輯主語。)

We have masses of work to do, so I am afraid we can not keep on with the talk with you right now.

If you want to make greater progress, you still have many difficulties to overcome.

2.不定式作定語與被修飾的名詞或代詞構成動賓關系,且不定式的邏輯主語就是被不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞(作直接賓語)前的間接賓語,即間接賓語和不定式構成主謂關系。如:

I will give you two more exercises to do.

(you是間接賓語,是不定式to do的邏輯主語,它們構成主謂關系,two more exercises是直接賓語,其和不定式to do構成動賓關系。)

以上兩點不定式的邏輯主語均在句子里呈現,其邏輯主語(及不定式表示的動作的執(zhí)行者)或是句子的主語,或是句子的間接賓語,反之,若其邏輯主語不在句子里出現,即不定式表示的動作的執(zhí)行者不是句子的主語或間接賓語,那么不定式要用被動語態(tài),注意下列兩句的區(qū)別。

①Do you have any letters to post? 你有一些信要自己郵寄嗎?

(不定式to post用主動語態(tài)表被動,you是to post的執(zhí)行者。)

②Do you have any letters to be posted? 你有一些信要請人郵寄嗎?

(不定式to be posted用被動語態(tài),主語you不是不定式to be posted的執(zhí)行者,郵寄的動作由他人完成。)

3.在“be+性質形容詞+不定式”中,形容詞表示主語sb/sth的性質特征,“adj+to do sth”作表語,常見的形容詞有:easy, hard, difficult, interesting, heavy, pleasant, light, good, fit, comfortable, safe, dangerous, impossible等。如:

The box is not easy to carry.

(The box與carry是被動關系,但to carry用主動表被動。)

Thoughts and feelings of all kinds are not difficult to communicate with the piano.

4. 上述“adj+不定式”結構作后置定語,不定式用主動表被動。如:

We found the problem easy to solve.

I think little Tom difficult to make friends with.

5. 在“疑問詞+不定式”結構中,不定式與疑問詞之間有動賓關系,可用主動表被動。如:

Who do you think can tell us what to do?

In society, I really do not know who to compete fairly with?

6. 某些動詞不定式與be連用時,可用主動形式表被動。常見的有:to blame(責備), to seek(尋找), to let(出租)等。如:

In the accident, the car driver was to blame.

The causes of the fire are not far to seek.

This house is to let.

7. 在there be結構中,主語后的不定式可用主動形式表被動意義,也可用被動形式,但加上邏輯主語for sb時,必須用主動形式。如:

There is nothing to fear/to be feared.

There is nothing for me to fear.

1. 我要去北京了,你有沒有什么東西要帶給你兒子的?

I’m going to Beijing. Do you have anything _______________to your son? (take)

2. 志愿者會告訴你正確的路徑。

The volunteer will show you the right path_______________. (take)

3. 他們仍然有許多問題需要克服。

They still have many difficulties _______________ . (overcome)

4. 我們沒有時間可以浪費。

There is no time_______________ . (lose)

5. 去年夏天,我從她那兒學習到了一些關于如何做衣服的知識。

Last summer I learned something on _______________ from her. (dress)

1. to be taken

2. to take

3. to overcome

形容夏天的句子范文第5篇

關鍵詞: 大學英語寫作 常見句法問題 例句分析

一、引言

英文寫作能力的提高取決于語言基本功和寫作能力兩個主要因素,而具備較強的英語語言基本功是學習英語寫作首先要解決的問題。在大學英語寫作教學實踐中,使我認識到,通過一段時間的培養(yǎng)和訓練,學生的寫作意識和寫作技能的提高往往較快,而語言表達能力即學生遣詞造句的能力并沒有隨著寫作技能(如段落擴展方法、段落統(tǒng)一和連貫、內容充實、體裁意識等)的提高而有所改善,學生作文中措詞問題、句法問題導致他們無法準確、流利地表達自己的思想觀點,并且一直是制約學生寫作能力提高的瓶頸。學生書面語言表達能力低下除了表現在詞匯量小、語法使用錯誤,更主要的障礙源于學生受漢語思維和表達習慣的影響,造成語言負遷移現象嚴重(王蘋,2001)。受漢語干擾引起的語言錯誤往往涉及多個層面,鑒于篇幅所限,本文作者將著重對學生作文中常出現的句法問題進行探討,以期幫助學生積極克服類似句法錯誤,從根本上突破瓶頸,提高寫作能力。

二、分析與討論

中國學生英語作文中的典型句式錯誤主要是由母語負遷移所造成的。他們在英文寫作中所用的句子類型較為特殊,形成了中國學生英文寫作的一種獨特風格(楊玉晨,1994)。這是因為漢語和英語是兩種截然不同的語言體系。英語是一種“形合”語言,而漢語是一種“意合”語言。漢語句法關系主要靠詞序和語義關系表達,并不追求形式上的完整,往往只求達意而已;英語語法成分都有其獨立作用,比較注重句子結構形式的完整和邏輯的合理(畢繼萬,1994)。中國學生由于受到漢語兼語結構、漢語流水句、省略結構、從句作獨立句和漢語主題―述題結構的影響,寫出的英語句子具有明顯的漢語結構特征,從而造成以下句法錯誤。

1.受漢語兼語結構影響的謂語堆砌句子

漢語兼語結構指兩個或兩個以上謂語并列在一起,沒有任何形態(tài)標記來表明名詞和謂項之間的關系或謂項之間的關系,其表現形式為:名詞短語(NP)+動詞(V)+[名詞短語(NP)]+動詞(V)+[名詞短語(NP)]。英語句子受形態(tài)規(guī)則的限制,只能有一個謂項。

如(1)*So many troubles haunt in my heart makes me tired ,hard to enjoy it. 句中“haunt” 和“makes” 是兩個并列謂項,明顯受到漢語兼語結構的影響,不符合英語的句法要求,英語需要通過句式結構的變化來體現語言的邏輯關系。此句可改為:√I was annoyed by so many troubles,which makes it hard for me to enjoy life on campus.下面出現在學生作文中的句子同屬這一類型:

(2)*People take online courses acquire more knowledge.

(√People take online courses in order to acquire more knowledge. Or: People who take online courses can acquire more knowledge.)

(3)*Online education become more and more popular is the need of the world.

(√The increasing popularity of online education meets the demand of society.)

(4)*Courage is a kind of inner spirit belongs to every great people.

(√Courage is a kind of inner spirit that belongs to every great people.)

2.受漢語流水句的影響的連續(xù)不斷的句子( run-on sentence)

漢語流水句由一系列語法完整的句子組成 ,兩個或幾個沒有語法關聯的句子間可以只用逗號,一直持續(xù)不斷地接下去,邏輯關系比較松散。英語兩個獨立句間不可以使用逗號,否則造成連續(xù)不斷的英語句子,被視為病句。如(1)*I do’t have the courage to open my mouth because I’m not confident,my oral English is so poor.此句便是受漢語流水句影響的結果。改寫時應根據其內在的邏輯關系,決定是使用并列句、主從復合句、還是短語的形式。根據英語表達習慣上句可改為:√My oral English is so poor that I don’t have the courage and confidence to open my mouth.在學生作文中此類病句比比皆是。

(2)*The fact broke my dreams into ruins,the reality states the harsh truth,college life is not as good as I expected.

(√The fact smashes my dream.The reality states the harsh truth: college life is not as good as I expected.)

(3)*On the way I rushed to the classroom,my breath became faster and breathless,my legs were tiring and painful,my feet were too heavy to rise.

(√On the way I rushed to the classroom,I became quite out of breath,with my legs sore and painful,my feet too heavy to rise.)

(4)*Now,I still remember clearly what I did that morning,I got up very early,went over once again what I was going to teach.

(√Now,I still remember clearly what I did that morning. I got up very early,went over once again what I was going to teach.)

3. 受漢語主題―述題句影響的主謂不一致的句子

形合的英語是主語顯著的語言(subject prominent),主題往往就是句子的主語;主語和謂項是句子結構的主要成分;而意合的漢語是主題顯著的語言(topic prominent),主題(topic)和述題(comment)是構成句子的基本結構。其主題往往并非就是句子的主語。因此,在主題―述題結構中,首先陳述的是所要論證的事物,然后對其加以評論,這是典型的漢語句子表述方式(徐余龍)。在這類結構中,如“夏天很難保藏食品……”就是典型的主題句,按照漢語思維,“夏天”是主題,后面是評論主題怎樣。受此影響,學生往往誤以為漢語的主題就是英語的主語,造出“(1)Summer is difficult to preserve food.”的句子。其實,英語的主語是“保藏食品”,“夏天”只是時間狀語,正確的表達應該是“It is difficult to preserve food in summer.”。這類句式錯誤在學生作文中也較常見。例如:

(2)*Chinese learning English have many problems.

(√Chinese may encounter many problems in learning English.)

(3)*His basket and football are both good.

(√He is good at both basketball and football.)

(4)*The way that western people think is difficult for me.

(√It is difficult for me to understand the westerners’ thinking mode.)

4.受漢語省略結構或從句作獨立句影響的非完整句(Sentence Fragment)

非完整句將句子的某一部分或成分當作一個完整的句子使用。典型的英文句子一般都包含主語和謂語兩個部分,構成一個完整句。而漢語的句式結構往往比較松散隨意,從形式上看,漢語句子中各成分間沒有形態(tài)的差異,句子成分省略較普遍,受其影響,中國學生用英語作文時常常使用非完整句(亦稱“破句”)。它或是缺少主語,或是缺少謂語,或者只是一個單獨的從屬分句。非完整句錯誤通常有以下幾種情況。

4?郾1缺主語。例如:

(1)*First of all,of course,is the food.

(√First of all,the biggest problem I have to face is adapting myself to the food here.)

*You can study at home or office. only need a computer.

(√You can study at home or office only with the aid of a computer.)

4?郾2將介詞短語或非謂語動詞短語當作句子。例如:

(3)*With the question settled. They were happy and relaxed.

(4)*People waving flags and cheering. Lined the streets for parade.

在以上例句中,介詞短語(with the question settled)、現在分詞短語(waving flags and cheering) 被分別當作完整句子,出現了非完整句錯誤。正確的句子應該為:

√With the quest ion settled,they were happy and relaxed.

√People waving flags and cheering lined the street s for parade.

4?郾3將從屬子句當作句子。

漢語中 ,有時從句可以獨立存在 ,而英語中從句不能單獨存在,否則就成了沒有主句的非完整句。例如:

(1)*The man was racing down the street.Because he was late.

(2)* He failed to pass the College Entrance Exam.Which disappointed his parents.

在以上兩例中,原因狀語從句(because he was late) 和定語從句(which disappointed his parents)被分別當作完整的句子,形成非完整句的錯誤。應將它們改正為:

√The man was racing down the street,because he was late.

√He failed to pass the College Entrance Exam,which disappointed his parents.

5.垂懸修飾(dangling modifiers)

非謂語動詞(-ing形式、 -ed形式、不定式)和形容詞短語、介詞短語作狀語修飾主句時,它們的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致,與主句中的主語有邏輯主語關系,否則構成一種語病,叫垂懸結構。例如:

(1)*Unable to answer the teacher’s question,his face turned red.

形容詞短語“l(fā)ooking out of the window”的邏輯主語只能是人,因為“回答”這個動作只能由人發(fā)出。因此,此處形容詞短語的邏輯主語與主句的主語不一致,形成垂懸結構,漢語中多見這種表達“由于無法回答老師的提問,他的臉紅了”,致使學生用英語表達時產生了負遷移。此句可改為:√ Unable to answer the teacher’s question,he blushed. 或:Because he was unable to answer the teacher’s question,his face turned red.見更多垂懸結構病句:

(2)*Looking out of the window,the white snowflakes fell down from the sky.

(√When I looked out of the window,I saw the white snowflakes falling down from the sky.)

(3)*To learn English well,much practice is necessary.

(√To learn English well,we need much practice.)

(4)*Stepping into the boat,my camera dropped into the water.

(√Stepping into the boat,I had my camera dropped into the water.)

6?郾平行結構成分不一致的句子

平行結構(parallel structure)是將兩個或兩個以上意義相關、層次相同、句法功能相同的詞、詞組、分句等成串排列,以表達同類的行為、思想、概念的一種結構序列,它以相似的語法形式表達相似的思想。平行結構在構成上可以有不同層面的平行,從單詞、短語的平行到從句的平行,在語中不同詞類均可以有它的平等結構,平行結構最顯著的特點是各個并列成分之間在句法結構上有一致性。因此,在寫作時,一定要避免平行結構各個并列成分語法形式不一致。由于漢語里使用在使用詞與詞、短語與短語間的平行結構是對詞性的一致性沒有明顯的要求,加之漢語本身又沒有詞形的變化,導致中國學生使用英語平行結構時犯語法結構不一致的句法錯誤。例如:(1)The young woman is pretty and has brains.平等結構的一致性要求作表語的兩個成分具有相同的語法形式,這樣才能使句子結構保持平衡和協(xié)調,故此句可改為:The young woman is both pretty and smart. 或:The young woman has both looks and brains. 更多例句如:

(1)*Speaking English for learners needs some knowledge,great confidence and not fearing of making mistakes.

(√It takes knowledge,confidence and courage for learners to speak English well.)

(2)*Lack of money,can’t understand lessons,feeling lonely,which is the most terrible frustration at college?

(√Lack of money,difficulties in study,loneliness――which is the worst frustration at college?)

(3)*To get along with their parents,teenagers need to be patient,tactful,to display tolerance.

(√To get along with their parents,teenagers need to be patient,tactful,tolerant.)

(4)*My driving instructor told me to keep both hands on the wheel,to use caution at all times,and don’t take my eyes off the road.

(√My driving instructor told me to keep both hands on the wheel,to use caution at all times,and not to take my eyes off the road.)

三、結語

由于受漢語言表達習慣的干擾,中國學生在英語作文時常常出現以上句法錯誤。對這類現象,教師可以通過歸類法,分析、對比此類句式使學生充分認識到漢英語言表達上的差異。此外,還應鼓勵學生多讀、多聽地道的英語材料,通過高質量的語言輸入增強語感,養(yǎng)成寫作時用英語思維的良好習慣。此外,大學生應積累和掌握實用、正宗的英語詞組、短語和句型,多讀、多背一些好的諺語、俗語、美文佳句。大腦里儲存了足夠多的句型,寫作時就可以信手拈來,靈活調取。認識到了漢英句法的差異,學生只要注意平時積累,培養(yǎng)英語語感,就可以很好地克服本族語帶來的語言障礙,提高英語的寫作能力。

參考文獻:

[1]畢繼萬.漢英句子結構與思維方式芻議[A].胡文仲.文化與交際[C].1994.

[2]王蘋,劉文捷.中西思維差異與大學英語寫作[J].外語界,2001,(5).

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