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高考英語作文模板范文第1篇

Mama, thank you for so many years of my education and training, ignorance of the past, I always Jalan you angry, but now I grow up, self-reliance, and I feel that I should not be so na-iv-e, and her mother, I will work hard Learning, you will not live up to my expectations! Really very grateful to my mother to take care of. When I was sick, my mother is always in every possible way to take care of me. When I failed the examination, the mother also encouraged me to refuel, not to become disheartened. Really grateful to my mother has done, I know it was my mother I love the performance, really would like to thank my mother. I think in this world, I love you people, my mother

My Mother isa kind and gentle woman. She is always very gentle. She takes good care of her children and keeps them all at school. I have one brother and two sistets. So she gets four children in all. She gives us every comfort. We all love her and she loves us also.

My mother has too much to do in bringing us up. As our family is too poor to keep a servant, my mother has always to do very much work. She gets up very early and sleeps very late every day. She works hard, yet without complaining.

She is also a thrifty, and industrious woman. She saves every cent that she can and keeps everything in order. As she has been busy eversince she was young, she looks older than she really is. Her face is wrinkled, her hair becomes silver white, but she works as hard as ever.

Often she says to us, "work while you work, play while you play. If you do not work, you will become lazy and of no use to society." What piece of good advice this is! We must worth it well and always keep it in our mind.

親愛的爸爸媽媽,你太無私,你總是把所有好的東西給我。你這么勤奮,你繼續(xù)工作整天為了謀生。謝謝你給我的生活。謝謝你的愛。請相信我。我將盡我最大的努力,我希望看到微笑在你的眼睛。我永遠(yuǎn)愛你。

媽媽,感謝您這么多年對我的教育和培訓(xùn),無知的過去,我總是道路你生氣,但現(xiàn)在我長大了,自力更生,我覺得我不應(yīng)該那么na-iv-e,和她的母親,我會努力學(xué)習(xí),你不會辜負(fù)我的期望!真的非常感謝我的母親照顧。我生病時,我媽媽總是照顧我在每一個可能的方法。當(dāng)我考試不及格,媽媽也鼓勵我去加油,不要灰心。真的很感激我的母親所做的,我知道這是我媽媽我愛性能,真的要感謝我的母親。我認(rèn)為在這個世界上,我愛你的人,我的母親

我的母親是親切和善的女人。她總是很溫柔。她很好地照顧孩子們,讓他們都在學(xué)校。我有一個弟弟和兩個妹妹。所以她得到了四個孩子。她給了我們每一個安慰。我們都愛她,她也愛我們。

我的母親有太多的事要做在我們。我們家太窮了,保持一個仆人,我母親總是做很多工作。她每天很早起床,很晚睡覺。她工作很努力,但沒有抱怨。

高考英語作文模板范文第2篇

(1) 要求論述兩個對立的觀點(diǎn)并給出自己的看法。

1. 有一些人認(rèn)為...

2. 另一些人認(rèn)為...

3. 我的看法...

The topic of ①-----------------(主題)is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------(支持A的理由一)What is more, ③-------------理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).

While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------------(理由二). Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三).

From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------(我的觀點(diǎn)). The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .

(2) 給出一個觀點(diǎn)，要求考生反對這一觀點(diǎn)

Some people believe that ①----------------(觀點(diǎn)一). For example, they think ②-----------------(舉例說明).And it will bring them ③-----------------(為他們帶來的好處).

In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④-------------(我不同意該看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反對的理由之二).

Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我對文章所討論主題的看法).

闡述主題題型

要求從一句話或一個主題出發(fā)，按照提綱的要求進(jìn)行論述.

1. 闡述名言或主題所蘊(yùn)涵的意義.

2. 分析并舉例使其更充實(shí).

The good old proverb ----------------(名言或諺語)reminds us that ----------------(釋義). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.

高考英語作文模板范文第3篇

（1）Different people have different views on _______. Some people think that ______, while others argue that _______.

As far as I am concerned, I agree with the _____ opinion. For one thing, I firmly believe_______. For another___________. Just think of _______ who _______.

Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely come to the conclusion that _________. Only if _______ can we ________., just as the saying goes _________.

（2）As we all know, the general public has been debating whether __________ is a blessing or a curse. Scientists have made advances in ________, so some people support ________, saying ________. Other people oppose ________, saying _______.

Personally speaking, I approve of _______ only if it is placed under strict control. For one thing ________. For another _________. Only when we exercise extreme care over this delicate matter can we be sure to put it on the right track.

2、提問類：一般疑問句做題目

（1）______ is such a common matter that every one of us may meet it from time to time.

People hold different views towards ________. Some people _______ Others laugh at them, they think ________.

Personally, I agree with the ____ group of people. Just as ____ once said __________.I think he is right. From now on I will not ________. On the contrary, I will ________.

（2）Some people take it for granted that ___________.

Nevertheless, other people claim that such a brief is subjective and unreasonable even at the first sight. To begin with ________. What makes matters worse _________.

I firmly believe that _________. Only when __________.

3、選擇類：題目中含有or

（1）Whenever people ________, they will come across the problem of whether they should ________or _______, and it is natural for different opinions to arise.

Some people think we should ________. They say that _______. Further more,_________. Therefore, we should ________.

But other people think otherwise. The argue that in an age when _______ we should not only ______but also ______. Only when we _____ can we keep up with the pace of social development.

In my opinion, we should combine _______with ______. First__________. Second _________. Only in this way can we _____________.

（2）When it comes to ________ some of people will choose _______,while others want to _____________.

Those people who decide to _______ argue that _______. Further more __________.

Those people who prefer _______ maintain that _________.

In my opinion, I should _______ whenever ______. To begin with_________. Furthermore____________.

4、批駁類: 批駁現(xiàn)象、觀點(diǎn)、做法。

（1）Today more and more people _________. They argue _____ has several advantages. First __________. Second _________. For example, ________.

I am afraid I can not agree with their opinions. To begin with, although you may feel___________, it doesn't mean _________. In the second place , _________. Finally, as to ___________.

From the above analysis, we may arrive at the conclusion that ________ is not a wise choice.

（2）Nowadays, there is a growing tendency that _________. Personally speaking, I do not agree with this practice at all.

First of all________. Second ________. Third_________.

To wind up my discussion, my conclusion is that it is not advisable for_______.

5、辦法類：解決某種問題。常以How to開頭。

（1） ____ has always been important to ______. Although this issue has long been discussed, it would not be true to say that unanimous agreement has been reached.

In my belief, the more beneficial steps in _______ are as follows. First and foremost,_________. In the second place _________ Last but not least,___________.

In an era when economy develops at such a high speed, ________is connected with and vital to every citizen in the city. We can never wish to realize our dream of a _________ until all of us take actions to ________.

（2）Nowadays_______________. It has become such a serious problem that it has aroused the concern from the whole society.

To put an end to such a serious problem, in my mind, calls for the efforts from all sides. First of all _________. Moreover ____________. Last but not least ___________.

How can anybody expect to lead a meaningful life if ______________? Only when all of us join in the efforts of ___________at all levels can we expect to have _____ a more beautiful future.

6、原因類：闡述喜歡某事物，人，或做出某種決定的原因。常以Why開頭。

（1）Some people think ______. Deep in my heart, I also have been asking myself the same question again and again. Why________? The reasons, in my mind, can be summed up in three respects.

First of all ___________. In the second place __________. Last but not least __________.

So, I firmly believe _________.

（2）When asked about my favorite______, I will not hesitate a moment to say it is __________.

Although some friends ___________, I have never changed my mind. The reason why __________ are threefold. Firstly,_____________ In the second place__________. Moreover_________.

Just like many great men in the world, ________ has become part of my life. I believe I will join it forever, and recommend it to others.

7、諺語類：以諺語作為題目

（1）The well-known proverb________ has long been accepted by all of us. It tells us that ___________.

Let's take ____ as an example_________.

Judging from the example given above, We may safely come to the conclusion that ________. So why not __________?

（2）There is a famous saying ___________,which means __________.If you want to be successful, you should ___________.

A case in point is _________.

From what has been discussed above, we should understand the meaning of ________ more clearly. So the best way is to _____________.

8、圖表類：要求描述分析圖表

（1）Studying the table carefully, we can see _____________.

The most important reason of the change is __________.In my opinion, I think ________ is also an essential reason.

To sum up ______________.

（2）From the chart we can see clearly that _____________.

In my mind, the reasons why ________ are as follows. First__________. In addition __________.

So It is easy to make a conclusion that_______________.

9、書信類：寫一封信或回一封信，說明某件事。

（1）Dear Mr. ______,

It's ages since ________. I'm so pleased to _______. How are you getting on with ______. I'd like to _______. Can you ________.

I want to invite you to _____ when you are free. My family and I are expecting ________.

Don't hesitate to let me know if you ________.

Please pass my love to _______.

Yours,

_______

（2）Dear Miss ________,

I am so sorry that I won't be able to________. My uncle is returning home from France, and I have promised to meet him at _______ at ________ tomorrow afternoon.

I am very much interested in ________. I wonder if it is possible _________, and if so, could I _________? Many thanks.

Best wishes!

Yours sincerely

_________

10、看圖說話類：描述圖畫并加以議論。

（1）One Sunday morning, there were some people in_______. At a stand, a woman was ______. Suddenly ________ . Hearing this, a few people began to_______. Soon _______. Later, _________. Finally, __________. What a _______! I will never forget ______.

（2）From these pictures, we can see that _______. This is very common recently. But in my opinion, they should not____________. Here are the reasons. First, ______; second _____________; third, ________;

Last but not the least important, ________. Those who _____, remember _______.

表達(dá)個人理由作文的常用表達(dá)句式：

1. It is interesting to speculate what one could do after leaving school. The decision depends on many environmental factors. Whatever it may be, I have made upon my mind to become a ______.

A variety of reasons may go as follows. To begin with, __________________________________.. Moreover, ____________________???__________________. What's more, ___________________.

2. Today, TV is playing a great role in our daily lives. There are many rich and colorful programs on TV every day. Of all these programs, I think the _______________ , especially the ____________, is my most favorite one.

Why do I like the __________ best? For one thing, ______________. For another, _______________. The most important reason is, ______________________________________.

3. Playing ___________ is my favorite sport. I am so interested in it that every mooring I go to play it in our gymnasium before breakfast. On Sundays I'd rather devote a whole afternoon to it than ____________. It has become an important part of my life.

Why did I develop my passion for ___________? First of all _________________________. Also, __________________________. Furthermore, ___________________________.

4. Why have I chosen ________________________? It is a question I have put to myself many times n the past two academic years. But the answer is always the same: ________________________ is something I truly want to do in my life and it is worthwhile.

There are many reasons for my choosing to attend college. One reason is, __________________.

喜歡某人常用的表達(dá)式：

1. In my life I have met many people who are really worth recalling. But perhaps the most unforgettable person I ever knew is ________________________. What frequently brings back memories of ________________________is his/ her special qualities? First of all, I was attracted by his/ her ________________________. Second, he / she gave us ________________________. Finally, I was deeply impressed by ________________________.

2. Perhaps the most interesting person I have ever met is ________________________. Although I last met him / her was ten years ago, I have not forgotten his/ her special qualities.

First of all, I was deeply impressed by his ________________________. Secondly, I admire the fact that he ________________________. Finally, I was attracted by ______________________.

喜歡某地常用表達(dá)式：

One of the most attractive places I have ever visited is the capital of our country ______________, a world famous historic city/ world-known resort, is located/ lies/is situated ___________.

The reasons that I like so much is it because first of all, ___________ abounds with resources/ is a place with rich resource. Secondly, ________________________ it is not only a political and economical center, it is also famous for its historic sites. At the end, and I think which is the most important reason, I was born in _______________.

丟分原因及對策

1．時間倉促。要留出足夠的時間。

2．審題馬虎。仔細(xì)閱讀指令和提示，先明白題目的要求，知道自己改寫什么、怎么寫。

3．字跡混亂。涂改較多、卷面臟亂，給閱卷老師留下不良印象。要先打腹稿和下筆，寫起來如行云流水自然，避免涂改。注意字跡工整、干凈。

高考英語作文模板范文第4篇

【關(guān)鍵詞】高考寫作 母語遷移

英語寫作作為對英語能力考核的一部分，在英語測試中占據(jù)著相當(dāng)重要的地位。英語寫作主要考查聽說讀寫四項(xiàng)能力中“寫”的能力，考查學(xué)生使用英語，進(jìn)行書面?zhèn)鬟_(dá)和交流的能力。英語寫作對學(xué)生的英語能力要求較高，它要求學(xué)生具備一定的詞匯量，同時能夠在一定的語境中恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂迷~匯；能夠根據(jù)英語語法規(guī)則正確和恰當(dāng)?shù)亟M織句子，完成寫作意圖；能夠根據(jù)寫作的要求，進(jìn)行謀篇布局，使文章連貫、通順；最后，還要求學(xué)生在語言的準(zhǔn)確和結(jié)構(gòu)的合理之外，寫的靈活、地道、精彩、生動。此外，高考英語作文所占比重較大，分值達(dá)到25分，成為影響學(xué)生英語成績的一項(xiàng)重要指標(biāo)。但在教學(xué)中，教師和學(xué)生對英語寫作的重視程度仍然不夠，許多教師和學(xué)生采取的態(tài)度是充分認(rèn)識客觀題的重要性并加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練，對寫作則是一帶而過，缺乏合理的訓(xùn)練，因此造成考試中作文出現(xiàn)多種問題，失分嚴(yán)重。

一、高考英語寫作中存在的問題

1.詞匯方面。詞匯方面的問題首先表現(xiàn)在詞匯量不足，不能充分傳情達(dá)意，不能清晰描寫所需。部分學(xué)生詞匯量非常有限，即使是課內(nèi)的單詞也沒有完全掌握，通常不積累單詞，因此不論是閱讀還是寫作，詞匯都成為障礙；還有一些學(xué)生，他們在閱讀中見到部分單詞能夠識別，但在寫作中絕對不會想到使用這些單詞，只憑借有限的熟悉的單詞進(jìn)行寫作。詞匯方面的另一個問題是拼寫錯誤。拼寫錯誤源于不了解英語的發(fā)音和拼寫規(guī)則，對英語單詞不夠熟悉，練習(xí)較少，訓(xùn)練不足。詞匯方面另一個突出的問題是不分詞性，隨意使用。

2.語法方面。在高考作文中，學(xué)生的語法意識淡漠，在寫作中常常出現(xiàn)動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)混淆，名詞不分單復(fù)數(shù)，各種固定句式亂用，句子結(jié)構(gòu)殘缺不全等現(xiàn)象。

3.語篇方面。學(xué)生在寫作過程中，要學(xué)會使用表示空間、時間、順序、因果等關(guān)系的過渡、連接詞語，以達(dá)到使文章通順連貫的目的。許多學(xué)生在寫作過程中不使用或誤用連接詞、過渡詞的現(xiàn)象比比皆是。由于語篇意識比較薄弱，學(xué)生往往意識不到文章需要語言形式上的銜接和語意上的連貫，同時由于不了解中西方在寫作上的差異，導(dǎo)致了許多中國學(xué)生英語寫作時，在篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、段落組織、觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)等方面不會按照英語寫作的格式和要求恰當(dāng)合理地安排寫作內(nèi)容，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)違背英語寫作常規(guī)和習(xí)慣的現(xiàn)象。

4.思維模式方面。除了詞匯、語法、篇章層面的問題，中國學(xué)生在英語寫作中還受到母語思維模式的影響和干擾，出現(xiàn)生搬硬套漢語規(guī)則和習(xí)慣，把漢語中的說法或表達(dá)方式直接用到英語中去。

二、應(yīng)對措施

1.詞匯方面。學(xué)習(xí)成績的提高總是依賴于教學(xué)雙方，教師要采取積極有效的教學(xué)措施，學(xué)生也要積極采用一些學(xué)習(xí)策略，端正學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度，付出努力。進(jìn)行詞匯教學(xué)時，教師要根據(jù)教學(xué)大綱的要求指出學(xué)生需要掌握的重點(diǎn)單詞，并傳授給學(xué)生詞匯學(xué)習(xí)策略。教師可以利用構(gòu)詞法的知識，幫助學(xué)生構(gòu)建詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)。著重講解那些常見的固定搭配、使用形式，使學(xué)生見到就能夠識別。教師可以采用一些游戲的方式引導(dǎo)學(xué)生，調(diào)動學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)詞匯的積極性。教師還要監(jiān)督學(xué)生記憶單詞，堅(jiān)持不懈，不斷積累。

2.語法方面。這里我們要強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)，語法教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)并不意味著背誦大量的語法規(guī)則，更重要的是使學(xué)生掌握語言的形式和意義，掌握形式和意義的關(guān)系，賦予語法以交際意義，使學(xué)生明確語法的實(shí)際用途。教師應(yīng)盡量將語法教學(xué)置于情景教學(xué)中，通過多種教學(xué)活動來促進(jìn)語法規(guī)則的掌握。此外，語法規(guī)則的掌握有賴于加深理解，而不是記住規(guī)則。

3.語篇方面。語篇能力指能夠?qū)懗鐾?、流暢、完整、連貫、富有表現(xiàn)力且符合語言習(xí)慣的作品的能力。在提高篇章質(zhì)量方面，有很多技巧和方法可供使用，如可采用語法手段，照應(yīng)、指代、倒裝、省略等，也可使用詞匯手段，如連接詞、復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系、同現(xiàn)關(guān)系等，但更多、更重要的是靠邏輯把各個部分連接成一個整體，從而使結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，思路清楚。教師在平時的授課過程中，要重視對語篇的分析，著重分析英語文章的結(jié)構(gòu)、思路，注意文章的過渡、連接等手段，比較中文、英文寫作的區(qū)別。在具體的寫作訓(xùn)練中，也要提醒學(xué)生有意識的多想想從句或者特殊句式的適時使用，一旦形成了習(xí)慣，學(xué)生在寫作時就會自然考慮到這些句型。

4.克服母語遷移的負(fù)面影響。（1）加大英語閱讀量。擴(kuò)大語言輸入是根本的辦法。中國學(xué)生的英語作文留有明顯的漢語干擾的痕跡，最主要的原因是英語閱讀量不足。學(xué)生在寫作時頭腦中缺乏恰當(dāng)?shù)哪０澹灾缓檬褂米约菏煜さ哪刚Z模板進(jìn)行英語寫作，因此在學(xué)習(xí)英語的過程中要加強(qiáng)英語的輸入量。（2）培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的英語思維能力。在英語寫作中，教師要加強(qiáng)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在詞層、句層、篇章層進(jìn)行思維轉(zhuǎn)換，使學(xué)生認(rèn)識英語和漢語在思維方式上的差異，自覺擺脫漢語思維的干擾，按英語思維習(xí)慣進(jìn)行英文寫作。

英語寫作是衡量學(xué)生英語綜合水平和應(yīng)用能力的一個重要指標(biāo)，在高考的成績中占有很大的比重，應(yīng)引起教師和學(xué)生的足夠認(rèn)識。在寫作能力培養(yǎng)過程中，教師要尋求適合自己學(xué)生的有效訓(xùn)練方法，培養(yǎng)英語思維習(xí)慣，學(xué)習(xí)地道的英語表達(dá)方式，進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的多題材的有效訓(xùn)練，通過學(xué)生對自己的反思和積累，最終寫出高水平、高質(zhì)量的英語文章。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

高考英語作文模板范文第5篇

關(guān)鍵詞： 書面表達(dá)教學(xué) 新課標(biāo) 母語負(fù)遷移 相應(yīng)對策

早在2004年公布的《高中英語新課》標(biāo)中就已明確指出“培養(yǎng)初步寫作的能力是英語教學(xué)的目的之一”。可以說書面表達(dá)最能檢驗(yàn)出學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用英語語言能力的高低。新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從寫作本身和學(xué)生的特點(diǎn)出發(fā)，把高中英語寫作定義為真正意義上的作文。這主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面。

1）個性化：能就國內(nèi)外關(guān)心的問題用英語表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度；

2）注重內(nèi)容：力求使表達(dá)內(nèi)容有趣，注重交流，學(xué)會根據(jù)讀者對象寫作；

3）交際化：遵循英語國家的文化習(xí)俗和交際準(zhǔn)則；

4）表達(dá)形式多樣：能運(yùn)用多種句子結(jié)構(gòu)、變化的詞、語體及文體等；

5）強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生自身責(zé)任：材料的收集、整理和加工，擬草稿、討論、修改等。

從新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對寫作的具體要求中，不難看出它加大了形成性評價的力度，強(qiáng)調(diào)了寫作能力的培養(yǎng)過程。而在新課標(biāo)的指引下進(jìn)行英語書面表達(dá)的教學(xué)活動不能一蹴而就，必須循序漸進(jìn)，抓住規(guī)律，掌握方法，才能夠事半功倍。

通過對日常教學(xué)中收集的寫作練習(xí)樣本進(jìn)行定量的錯誤分析，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，母語負(fù)遷移（negative transfer of the mother tongue）是影響學(xué)生英語寫作能力提高的主要因素，學(xué)習(xí)者的外語程度越低，受母語干擾（mother language interference）的程度越深。大量的寫作錯誤來源于學(xué)生忽視英、漢語的區(qū)別，漢語的負(fù)遷移導(dǎo)致各種各樣的“中式英語” （Chinglish）。這種負(fù)遷移對英語寫作的影響主要表現(xiàn)在詞匯、語法、語篇、語用等幾個方面。

一、母語負(fù)遷移

（一）詞匯負(fù)遷移

1.詞義方面：在不同語言中，詞的概念意義（或外延意義）是不相同的。如：“廚師”和“cooker”一詞概念意義不同，有的學(xué)生誤用導(dǎo)致寫作時出現(xiàn)錯誤。另外，一個單詞在另外一種語言中可以找到幾種不同的意義，因?yàn)樗鼈兊恼Z義場不吻合，呈重疊、交錯、空缺等形式。如：漢語的“重”在英語的對應(yīng)單詞是“heavy”，“重盒子”可以說“heavy box”，還可以說“heavy rain”（大雨）、“heavy traffic”（繁忙的交通）等。而有的學(xué)生按照字面去套，于是就出現(xiàn)了“big rain”、“busy traffic”等負(fù)遷移。

2.詞性方面：一般來說，漢語是一種多動詞的語言，而英語更多用介詞和名詞。很多學(xué)生不善于運(yùn)用英語介詞短語代替漢語的謂語加賓語的功用，句子中動賓結(jié)構(gòu)太多。如：He looked at me and felt surprised.把a(bǔ)nd felt surprised改為in surprise更符合英語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。另外，詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換在英漢兩種語言中也是非常普遍的，但學(xué)生經(jīng)常忽視這一點(diǎn)。如：“珍貴的”（is of great value），但部分學(xué)生仍習(xí)慣用形容詞“valuable”。

3.詞匯搭配方面：每一種語言在詞與詞的搭配上都有一些特有的方式和習(xí)慣。如，一些表示顏色的形容詞的搭配意義在英漢語中是無法對應(yīng)的，像“白發(fā)”（gray hair）、“紅糖”（brown sugar）等。

（二）語法負(fù)遷移

1.在語序上：在漢語中，其定語作用的短語或從句常常前置，而在英語中卻后置。如：“坐在后面的學(xué)生”（the students seated on the back）。

2.在時間意義的表達(dá)上：英語時態(tài)豐富，區(qū)分細(xì)微，習(xí)慣性強(qiáng)。傳遞同樣的意思，英語只要選用合適的時態(tài)就可以了，漢語則必須使用詞匯手段。中國學(xué)生常受漢語語法習(xí)慣的影響而產(chǎn)生錯誤。如：I want to buy the expensive dictionary, but I couldn’t afford it.很明顯，應(yīng)將“want”改為“wanted”，才能保持前后時態(tài)的一致。

3.在連詞的使用上：“因?yàn)椤浴薄半m然……但是”等這類連詞是漢語的結(jié)構(gòu)，英語卻不存在這樣連詞并用的情況。由于受漢語的影響，中國學(xué)生較容易產(chǎn)生負(fù)遷移現(xiàn)象用了“because”之后，還用“so”。

（三）語篇負(fù)遷移

英語以“形合”為主，正式表達(dá)多用復(fù)句、長句；漢語以“意合”為主，喜用單句短句，有氣勢的排比句更是佳句?！靶魏稀笔侵冈谟卸鄬又髦^關(guān)系時，英語一定要借助連詞、連接性副詞或非謂語動詞這樣的語言形式來幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)句子的連接；“意合”是指漢語只從句子本身邏輯意思考慮，就可以把復(fù)雜關(guān)系表達(dá)清楚，沒必要總依靠連詞。屬于印歐語系的英語是拼音文字，語序靈活，要靠嚴(yán)密的語法結(jié)構(gòu)來保證其句意的緊湊。

二、對策

（一）提高英語教師的語用意識

英語教師擔(dān)負(fù)著課堂教學(xué)的任務(wù)，其語用意識的強(qiáng)弱直接關(guān)系著培養(yǎng)學(xué)生語用能力的成敗。教師平常應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持多看英語原著，無論是課堂用語還是批改學(xué)生的作文，用詞力求準(zhǔn)確地道。另外，教師應(yīng)用對比語言學(xué)的理論知識，加強(qiáng)英漢對比，讓學(xué)生了解漢語負(fù)遷移的存在。在寫作訓(xùn)練中要適當(dāng)?shù)刂v解易導(dǎo)致負(fù)遷移的內(nèi)容，幫助學(xué)生循序漸進(jìn)地改正由漢語的負(fù)遷移產(chǎn)生的各種錯誤。

（二）多積累，打好語言基礎(chǔ)

一是背誦。背誦是提高寫作的有效途徑。要學(xué)好寫作文，首先要處理好語言輸入與輸出之間的關(guān)系。前者是后者的前提條件。只有讀過大量東西，并且有意識地將其中精彩部分儲存于記憶之中，才能保證下筆流暢、文通字順。因此，背誦對于寫作極為重要。但背誦不是機(jī)械記憶，而是有選擇性地背誦，是有意義的記憶。二是模仿訓(xùn)練。在仿照范文寫作中，學(xué)用語言、章法和表達(dá)技巧的一種方法。仿寫既可以是局部的、片段的，也可以是整體的。從內(nèi)容上看，詞匯、句型、段落、篇章及選材、布局、修辭和照應(yīng)等都可以仿寫。

（三）培養(yǎng)學(xué)生英漢文化差異的敏感性

首先，要向?qū)W生講解西方文化特別是英美文化中的社會習(xí)俗、歷史背景等知識，避免或減少寫作中的文化錯誤。另外，要經(jīng)常向?qū)W生講授英語行文的特點(diǎn)，了解英文的寫作習(xí)慣和表達(dá)方式，分析英漢因文化引起的不同之處，讓學(xué)生認(rèn)識到兩種語言的不同表達(dá)，以提高他們的寫作能力。還可進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)挠h對比，讓學(xué)生對英語和漢語在思維方式、文化、詞匯、遣詞造句等宏觀、微觀上的差異更為清楚，從而在寫作實(shí)踐中能更自覺地避免漢語思維方式及寫作經(jīng)驗(yàn)在英語寫作中負(fù)遷移。

（四）講清幾種常用文章體裁的格式與寫法

現(xiàn)行教材中的課文體裁應(yīng)有盡有，如記敘文、說明文、應(yīng)用文（日記、通知、啟示、廣告）等，它們都是一些指導(dǎo)作用很強(qiáng)的范文。同時在教師的指導(dǎo)下，學(xué)生都明確了各種文體的寫法。如：看圖寫話的步驟有：仔細(xì)觀察；列提綱；連詞成句，連句成文，恰當(dāng)使用過渡語；檢查、復(fù)核全文，看是否遺漏細(xì)節(jié)，有無語法錯誤等。

（五）將寫作訓(xùn)練貫穿于教學(xué)過程的各個環(huán)節(jié)

培養(yǎng)寫作能力是一項(xiàng)系統(tǒng)的工程，涉及學(xué)習(xí)者詞匯的積累、句型的熟練、語法知識和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的掌握、閱讀量的大小、對中外文化的了解程度等因素。因此，培養(yǎng)寫作能力需貫穿于教學(xué)過程的各個環(huán)節(jié)。在課堂上，盡量創(chuàng)造機(jī)會讓學(xué)生多聽、多說、多讀、多譯。聽，是理解和吸收口頭信息的交際能力。首先要聽懂，然后要聽清，除了聽錄音、看錄像外，還要聽教師復(fù)述，做聽寫練習(xí)等。

（六）回歸高中英語課本

切實(shí)找到并且分析高考英語書面表達(dá)在課本中的典型體現(xiàn)。學(xué)生一定要牢固掌握和靈活運(yùn)用文化、地理、環(huán)境、健康、社會等話題的內(nèi)容。同時，課本中精選的文章不僅語言規(guī)范準(zhǔn)確，而且內(nèi)容豐富，能夠讓學(xué)生體會到學(xué)習(xí)和運(yùn)用英語的快樂。

“寫”作為四項(xiàng)基本語言技能之一。高中英語寫作訓(xùn)練應(yīng)注重激發(fā)學(xué)生的寫作欲望，保持學(xué)生的寫作興趣，發(fā)揮學(xué)生的寫作才能，鼓勵學(xué)生用英語表達(dá)。只有這樣，才能取得良好的教學(xué)效果。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

［1］普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（實(shí)驗(yàn)）.

［2］普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書英語選修?英語寫作.人民教育出版社.